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Die Bettelorden der Franziskaner und Dominikaner sahen sich ab 1250 gezwungen, ihre Existenz und ihre Aktivitäten in Predigt und Theologie zu rechtfertigen. Konservative Kreise im französischen Klerus und unter den Professoren der Universität Paris nahmen daran Anstoß, dass die Mendikanten, anders als die herkömmlichen Monasterien, Seelsorgsaufgaben übernahmen, die über den Rahmen der Pfarreien und Diözesen hinausgingen. Daraus entwickelte sich ein Konflikt zwischen der lokalen Jurisdiktion der Bischöfe und der universalen Rechtsgewalt des Papstes. Schauplatz dieser Auseinandersetzungen war die Universität Paris, an der unterdessen Franziskaner und Dominikaner Lehrstühle erlangt hatten, deren Rechtmäßigkeit von den Konkurrenten bestritten wurde. Grund für diesen heftigen Streit war, dass man es als unerhörte Neuerung empfand, dass Ordensleute an öffentlichen Institutionen lehrten. Mit dem traditionellen Mönchtum schien das unvereinbar zu sein. In diesen auf hohem intellektuellen Niveau ausgefochtenen Kontroversen spielte der 1252 von Köln nach Paris berufene Thomas von Aquin eine herausragende Rolle, die in der hier vorgestellten Studie im einzelnen untersucht wird. Das zentrale Dokument ist die vom Autor analysierte Schrift des Aquinaten Contra impugnantes (1255), die zugleich Apologie und Programm ist, in dem sich das Selbstverständnis einer neuen Elite mit neuen Aufgaben in der Kirche artikuliert. Das Buch ist zunächst ein Beitrag zu einem wichtigen Thema der Frömmigkeitsgeschichte, dann aber auch eine Untersuchung zu den Fundamenten der überaus folgenreichen Armuts- und Bettelordensbewegung. Entstanden ist eine genetische Darstellung aller mit der Existenz und der Funktion des Dominikanerordens verbundenen Themen, wie es sie bisher noch nicht gab.

Monasticism and religious orders --- Monachism --- Monastic orders --- Monasticism and religious orders for men --- Monasticism and religious orders of men --- Orders, Monastic --- Orders, Religious --- Religious orders --- Brotherhoods --- Christian communities --- Brothers (Religious) --- Friars --- Monks --- Superiors, Religious --- History of doctrines --- Thomas, --- 271.2-3 --- 2 THOMAS AQUINAS:271 --- 271.2-3 Dominicanen: geloften --- Dominicanen: geloften --- 2 THOMAS AQUINAS:271 Godsdienst. Theologie-:-Kloosterwezen. Religieuze orden en congregaties. Monachisme--THOMAS AQUINAS --- Godsdienst. Theologie-:-Kloosterwezen. Religieuze orden en congregaties. Monachisme--THOMAS AQUINAS

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This volume examines the world of the medieval monk. The first section of the volume is organized around the theme of monks and the world and explores the intersections between the secular and sacred. The second section is concerned with the ideological or intellectual lives of medieval monks. These essays examine the ideas that were important to monks and that shaped the intellectual discourse of the Middle Ages. Contributors include: David R. Blanks, Constance B. Bouchard, Darlene L. Brooks Hedstrom, Daniel F. Callahan, M.A. Claussen, John J. Contreni, Edith Wilks Dolnikowski, Michael Frassetto, Amy Livingstone, Kathleen Mitchell, and Steven A. Stofferahn.

Christian religious orders --- anno 500-1499 --- Monasticism and religious orders --- Monks --- Church history --- Monachisme et ordres religieux --- Moines --- Eglise --- History --- Religious life --- Histoire --- Vie religieuse --- 271 "04/14" --- Christianity --- Monachism --- Monastic orders --- Monasticism and religious orders for men --- Monasticism and religious orders of men --- Orders, Monastic --- Religious orders --- Brotherhoods --- Christian communities --- Brothers (Religious) --- Friars --- Superiors, Religious --- Kloosterwezen. Religieuze orden en congregaties. Monachisme--Middeleeuwen --- Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- History. --- Orders, Religious --- Monasticism and religious orders - Europe --- Church history - Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Sullivan, Richard Eugene --- Monachisme --- Moyen Age

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A detailed investigation into the mysterious group of monks, the Céli Dé, who flourished in early medieval Ireland. The Céli Dé (`clients of God'), sometimes referred to as the Culdees, comprise the group of monks who first appeared in Ireland in the eighth century in association with St Máel Ruain of Tallaght. Although influential and important in the development of the monastic tradition in Ireland, they have been neglected in general histories. This book offers an investigation into the movement. Proceeding from an examination of ascetic practice and theory in early medieval Ireland, followed by a fresh look at the evidence most often cited in support of the prevailing theory of ́"-'céli Dé́"-' identity, the author challenges the orthodox opinion that they were an order or movement intent upon monastic reform at a time of declining religious discipline. At the heart of the book is a manuscript-centred critical evaluation of the large corpus of putative ́"-'céli Dé́"-' texts, offered as a means for establishing a more comprehensive assessment of who and what ́"-'céli Dé́"-' were. Dr Follett argues that they are properly understood as the self-identified members of the personal retinue of God, in whose service they distinguished themselves from other monks and monastic communities in their personal devotion, pastoral care, Sunday observance, and other matters. A catalogue of ́"-'céli Dé́"-' texts with manuscript references is provided in an appendix. WESTLEY FOLLETT is Assistant Professor of History at the University of Southern Mississippi.

Monasticism and religious orders --- Monastic and religious life --- Monachisme et ordres religieux --- Vie religieuse et monastique --- History --- Sources. --- Histoire --- Sources --- Monasticism and religious orders - Ireland - History - Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Monasticism and religious orders - Ireland - History - Middle Ages, 600-1500 - Sources --- Monastic and religious life - Ireland - History - Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Monastic and religious life - Ireland - History - Middle Ages, 600-1500 - Sources --- Irlande --- Moines --- Monastic life --- Spirituality (in religious orders, congregations, etc.) --- Spiritual life --- Vows --- Monachism --- Monastic orders --- Monasticism and religious orders for men --- Monasticism and religious orders of men --- Orders, Monastic --- Orders, Religious --- Religious orders --- Brotherhoods --- Christian communities --- Brothers (Religious) --- Friars --- Monks --- Superiors, Religious --- Christianity

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Convents --- Monasteries --- Monasticism and religious orders --- History --- 912 <43> --- 943 --- Cartografie. Kaarten. Plattegronden. Atlassen--Duitsland voor 1945 en na 1989 --- Geschiedenis van Duitsland --- 943 Geschiedenis van Duitsland --- Monachism --- Monastic orders --- Monasticism and religious orders for men --- Monasticism and religious orders of men --- Orders, Monastic --- Orders, Religious --- Religious orders --- Brotherhoods --- Christian communities --- Brothers (Religious) --- Friars --- Monks --- Superiors, Religious --- Cloisters (Religious communities) --- Friaries --- Church property --- Religious institutions --- Scriptoria --- Convents and nunneries --- Nunneries --- Monasticism and religious orders for women --- 943 History of Germany --- History of Germany --- Convents - Germany - Rhineland - History --- Monasteries - Germany - Rhineland - History --- Monasticism and religious orders - Germany - Rhineland - History --- Rhénanie --- Monastères

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This volume examines forms of interaction between monastic or mendicant communities and lay people in the high Middle Ages in Britain, France, the Low Countries, and Scandinavia. The nineteen papers explore these issues in geographically and chronologically diverse settings in a way that no English-language collection has yet attempted. It brings together the latest research from established as well as younger historians. The first section ‘Patrons and Benefactors: power, fashion, and mutual expectations’ examines lay involvement in foundations, the rights held by patrons, and how they used these powers, as well as networks of relationships within broader groups of benefactors. The authors demonstrate how changing fashions shaped the fortunes of particular orders and houses and explore how power relations between different types of patrons and benefactors - royal figures, kinship, and other social groupings - affected the mutual expectations of the various parties. The second section of the volume, entitled ‘Lay and Religious: negotiation, influence, and utility’, shows how lay people’s ideas of the role of religious houses could impact upon their patronage of, and support for, monastic or mendicant institutions. Conversely, religious communities offered multi-faceted benefits - practical, intellectual, or spiritual - for the secular world. The book concludes by focusing on the rapid growth of confraternities, their relation to their urban mendicant and monastic contexts, and how the role and forms of confraternities evolved in the late medieval period.

27 <4> --- 940.17 --- Kerkgeschiedenis--Europa --- Geschiedenis van Europa:--1096-1492 --- 940.17 Geschiedenis van Europa:--1096-1492 --- Benefactors --- Bienfaiteurs --- Laïcat --- Church history --- Laity --- Monasticism and religious orders --- History --- Catholic Church --- Monachism --- Monastic orders --- Monasticism and religious orders for men --- Monasticism and religious orders of men --- Orders, Monastic --- Orders, Religious --- Religious orders --- Brotherhoods --- Christian communities --- Brothers (Religious) --- Friars --- Monks --- Superiors, Religious --- Christian laity --- Laymen --- Church polity --- Lay ministry --- Christianity --- Donors (Benefactors) --- Patrons (Benefactors) --- Persons --- Philanthropists --- Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Christian church history --- anno 1100-1199 --- anno 1200-1299 --- anno 1300-1399 --- anno 1000-1099 --- Western Europe --- Monachisme et ordres religieux --- Eglise --- Histoire --- Eglise catholique --- Europe --- To 1500 --- England --- Middle Ages, 500-1500 --- Monasticism and religious orders - Europe - History - Middle Ages, 600-1500 --- Benefactors - Europe - History - To 1500 --- Laity - Europe - History - To 1500 --- Laity - Catholic Church - History - To 1500 --- Church history - Middle Ages, 600-1500